After years of rapid enrollment growth, the Medicare Advantage (MA) program has stabilized and continues to offer substantial plan options and near-record-high levels of benefits. But waste, fraud, and abuse continues across the program, and evidence suggests that targeted action to address overpayments, particularly in coding practices, would still allow MA to be an attractive option for seniors while enhancing competition between large insurers and smaller, regional plans. Such reforms should be an essential focus for those concerned about rising Medicare premiums, impending Medicare Trust Fund insolvency, and large budget deficits.